Bambanci tsakaninNau'in polyeter na TPUkumanau'in polyester
Ana iya raba TPU zuwa nau'i biyu: nau'in polyether da nau'in polyester. Dangane da buƙatun daban-daban na aikace-aikacen samfura, ana buƙatar zaɓar nau'ikan TPUs daban-daban. Misali, idan buƙatun juriya ga hydrolysis suna da yawa, nau'in polyether TPU ya fi dacewa da nau'in polyester TPU.
Don haka a yau, bari mu yi magana game da bambance-bambancen da ke tsakaninTPU na polyetherkumaTPU mai nau'in polyester, da kuma yadda za a bambanta su? Wadannan za su yi bayani dalla-dalla kan fannoni guda huɗu: bambance-bambance a cikin kayan aiki, bambance-bambancen tsari, kwatancen aiki, da hanyoyin gano su.
1, Bambance-bambance a cikin kayan aiki
Ina ganin mutane da yawa sun san manufar thermoplastic elastomers, waɗanda ke da fasalin tsari na ɗauke da sassa masu laushi da tauri, bi da bi, don kawo sassauci da tauri ga kayan.
TPU kuma tana da sassan sarka mai laushi da tauri, kuma bambancin da ke tsakanin nau'in polyether TPU da nau'in polyester TPU yana cikin bambancin sassan sarka mai laushi. Za mu iya ganin bambanci daga kayan da aka yi amfani da su.
Nau'in Polyether TPU: 4-4 '- diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), polytetrahydrofuran (PTMEG), 1,4-butanediol (BDO), tare da kimanin kashi 40% na MDI, 40% na PTMEG, da kuma 20% na BDO.
Nau'in Polyester TPU: 4-4 '- diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), 1,4-butanediol (BDO), adipic acid (AA), tare da MDI yana lissafin kusan 40%, AA yana lissafin kusan 35%, kuma BDO yana lissafin kusan 25%.
Za mu iya ganin cewa kayan da aka yi amfani da su wajen samar da sarkar TPU mai laushi irin ta polyether sune polytetrahydrofuran (PTMEG); Kayan da aka yi amfani da su wajen samar da sarkar TPU mai laushi irin ta polyester shine adipic acid (AA), inda adipic acid ke yin aiki tare da butanediol don samar da polybutylene adipate ester a matsayin sashin sarkar mai laushi.
2, Bambance-bambancen tsari
Sarkar kwayoyin halitta ta TPU tana da tsarin layi na tubalan nau'in n-type (AB), inda A shine babban nauyin kwayoyin halitta (1000-6000) polyester ko polyether, B gabaɗaya shine butanediol, kuma tsarin sinadarai tsakanin sassan sarkar AB shine diisocyanate.
Dangane da tsarin A daban-daban, ana iya raba TPU zuwa nau'in polyester, nau'in polyether, nau'in polycaprolactone, nau'in polycarbonate, da sauransu. Nau'ikan da aka fi sani sune nau'in polyether TPU da nau'in polyester TPU.
Daga hoton da ke sama, za mu iya ganin cewa sarƙoƙin kwayoyin halitta na nau'in polyether TPU da nau'in polyester TPU duka sifofi ne na layi, babban bambanci shine ko ɓangaren sarƙar mai laushi polyether polyol ne ko polyester polyol.
3, Kwatanta Aiki
Polyether polyols sune polymers na barasa ko oligomers tare da haɗin ether da ƙungiyoyin hydroxyl a ƙarshen rukuni akan tsarin babban sarkar kwayoyin halitta. Saboda ƙarancin kuzarin haɗin gwiwa na haɗin ether a cikin tsarinsa da sauƙin juyawa.
Saboda haka, polyether TPU yana da kyakkyawan sassauci a yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin zafi, juriya ga hydrolysis, juriya ga mold, juriya ga UV, da sauransu. Samfurin yana da kyau a ji da hannu, amma ƙarfin bawon da ƙarfin karyewa ba su da kyau.
Rukunin ester masu ƙarfin haɗin covalent a cikin polyols na polyester na iya samar da haɗin hydrogen tare da sassan sarkar tauri, suna aiki a matsayin wuraren haɗin gwiwa na roba. Duk da haka, polyester yana da saurin karyewa saboda mamaye ƙwayoyin ruwa, kuma acid ɗin da hydrolysis ke samarwa na iya ƙara haɓaka hydrolysis na polyester.
Saboda haka, polyester TPU yana da kyawawan halaye na injiniya, juriya ga lalacewa, juriya ga tsagewa, juriya ga lalata sinadarai, juriya ga zafin jiki mai yawa, da sauƙin sarrafawa, amma rashin juriya ga hydrolysis.
4, Hanyar tantancewa
Dangane da wanne TPU ne ya fi kyau a yi amfani da shi, za a iya cewa zaɓin ya kamata ya dogara ne da buƙatun zahiri na samfurin. Don cimma kyawawan halayen injiniya, yi amfani da TPU na polyester; Idan ana la'akari da farashi, yawan amfani, da yanayin amfani da samfura, kamar yin samfuran nishaɗin ruwa, TPU na polyether ya fi dacewa.
Duk da haka, lokacin da ake zaɓa, ko kuma a haɗa nau'ikan TPU guda biyu ba bisa ka'ida ba, ba su da wani bambanci mai mahimmanci a cikin bayyanar. To ta yaya za mu bambanta su?
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa, kamar su sinadaran colorimetry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), mid infrared spectroscopy, da sauransu. Duk da haka, waɗannan hanyoyin suna buƙatar manyan buƙatun fasaha kuma suna ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo.
Akwai wata hanya mai sauƙi da sauri ta gano abubuwa? Amsar ita ce eh, misali, hanyar kwatanta yawan mutane.
Wannan hanyar tana buƙatar na'urar gwada yawa ɗaya kawai. Idan aka ɗauki misali da na'urar auna yawan roba mai inganci, matakan aunawa sune:
Sanya samfurin a cikin teburin aunawa, nuna nauyin samfurin, sannan danna maɓallin Shigar don tunawa.
Sanya samfurin a cikin ruwa don nuna ƙimar yawansa.
Tsarin aunawa gaba ɗaya yana ɗaukar kimanin daƙiƙa 5, sannan za a iya bambanta shi bisa ga ƙa'idar cewa yawan nau'in polyester TPU ya fi na nau'in polyether TPU girma. Takamaiman kewayon yawan shine: nau'in polyether TPU -1.13-1.18 g/cm3; Polyester TPU -1.18-1.22 g/cm3. Wannan hanyar za ta iya bambance tsakanin nau'in polyester TPU da nau'in polyester cikin sauri.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-03-2024